When CNC beats molding
Low quantities, frequent design changes, metal end-use parts or CTQ faces that need machining anyway usually stay on CNC. Tooling amortization only wins after volume and design stability are clear.
When sheet metal wins
Flat-pattern enclosures and brackets with bends are often faster and cheaper than machining from solid — if bend relief, hole-to-bend rules and grain direction are designed in.
When casting makes sense
Aluminum or zinc housings with repeating geometry and rising annual volume can justify dies. Validate packaging and assembly on CNC masters first so die changes stay rare.
Additive’s honest role
Print shortens early loops and fixtures. Structural, cosmetic or high-volume parts usually graduate to CNC, urethane, molding or casting once the design question is answered.